Python Basics Cheat Sheet

Tips

Practice coding regularly.

Don’t be afraid to ask for help;)

Have fun and be creative!

1. Basic Python Syntax

To print text or messages on the screen, use the print() function.

• Print a message:

print (“Hello, World”)

• Comments:

# This is a single line comment

2. Variables and Data Types

Variables are used to store information.

• Variables:

age = 13
name = Alice

• Data Types
Common data types include:

  • Strings:  “Hello”
  • Integers:  123
  • Floats:  3.14
  • Booleans: True or False
number = 1
pi = 3.14
is_happy = True
greeting = “Hi”

3. Basic Operations

• Addition: +
• Subtraction: –
• Multiplication: *
• Division: /

• Arithmetic Operations:

addition = 5 + 3 #8
subtraction = 5 – 3 #2
multiplication = 5 * 3 #15
division = 5 / 3 #1.666…

• String Concatenation:

full_name = “Alice” + ” “ + “Smith”

4. Lists

Lists store multiple items in a single variable.

• Creating a list:

fruits = [ “apple”, “banana”, “cherry” ]

• Accesing list elements:

first_fruit = fruits[0] # “apple”

• Adding elements to a list:

fruits.append(“orange”)

5. Conditional Statements

Conditional statements are used to make decisions in your code.

• If, Elif, Else

if age < 13:
print(“You are a child.”)

elif age < 20:
print(“You are a teenager.”)

else:
print(“You are an adult.”)

6. Loops

Loops repeat a piece of code multiple times

• For Loop:

for fruit in fruits:
print(fruit)

• While Loop:

count = 0
while count < 5:
print(count)
count += 1

7. Functions

Functions are blocks of code that do a specific task.

• Defining a function:

def greet(name):
return “Hello” + name

print(greet(“Alice”)) # “Hello Alice”

8. Importing Libraries (also know as modules)

You can use external libraries to add more functionality to your code.

• Using a module:

import math print(math.sqrt(16)) # 4.0

9. Basic Input/Output

You can get input from the user with the input() function.

• Getting user input:

user_name = input (“What is your name?”)
print(“Nice to meet you,” + user_name)

10. Simple Error Handling

Use try and except to handle errors.

• Try/Except:

try:
result = 10/0
except ZeroDivisionError:
print(“You can’t divide by zero!””)

11. Dictionaries

Dictionaries store data in key-value pairs.

• Creating a dictionary:

student = {

“name”: “Alice”,

“age”: 13,

“grade”: “8th”,

}

# Accessing values

print(student[“name”]) # “Alice”